颅脑手术患者术后发生手术部位感染危险因素的Meta分析Risk Factors of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Craniocerebral Surgery:a Meta-analysis
梁新慧,张珊,张腊婷,胡梦依,贾瑶,刘芳,姜雪
摘要(Abstract):
目的 系统评价颅脑手术患者术后发生手术部位感染的危险因素。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中关于颅脑手术患者术后发生手术部位感染危险因素的研究。检索时限为建库至2023年10月。提取纳入文献的资料,采用RevMan 5.3和Stata 15.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入41篇文献,共60 673例颅脑手术患者。Meta分析结果显示,颅脑手术患者术后手术部位感染发生率为8.4%〔95%CI(6.8%~10.1%)〕。术前住院时间>3 d〔OR=2.96,95%CI(1.68~5.22),P<0.01〕、合并糖尿病〔OR=3.26,95%CI(2.62~4.05),P<0.01〕、备皮时间>2 h〔OR=3.40,95%CI(2.07~5.58),P<0.01〕、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级>Ⅱ级〔OR=3.75,95%CI(1.40~10.04),P<0.01〕、二次手术〔OR=3.67,95%CI(2.64~5.11),P<0.01〕、急诊手术〔OR=2.49,95%CI(1.75~3.52),P<0.01〕、手术持续时间延长〔OR=1.22,95%CI(0.15~2.28),P=0.03〕、手术持续时间>3 h〔OR=2.60,95%CI(1.61~4.21),P<0.01〕、手术持续时间>4 h〔OR=2.26,95%CI(1.41~3.62),P<0.01〕、污染切口〔OR=3.36,95%CI(1.19~9.48),P=0.02〕、手术切口数量>2个〔OR=3.82,95%CI(1.60~9.14),P<0.01〕、硬脑膜切开〔OR=4.02,95%CI(2.90~5.59),P<0.01〕、术中输血〔OR=4.27,95%CI(1.32~13.82),P=0.02〕、术中植入物〔OR=3.28,95%CI(2.42~4.45),P<0.01〕、脑脊液漏〔OR=20.38,95%CI(13.60~30.55),P<0.01〕、脑室外引流〔OR=6.60,95%CI(3.48~12.49),P<0.01〕、留置引流管〔OR=5.75,95%CI(1.04~31.70),P=0.04〕、留置引流管时间>3 d〔OR=2.43,95%CI(1.44~4.09),P<0.01〕、留置引流管时间>4 d〔OR=1.97,95%CI(1.34~2.89),P<0.01〕是颅脑手术患者术后发生手术部位感染的危险因素。结论 现有证据表明,术前住院时间>3 d、合并糖尿病、备皮时间>2 h、ASA分级>Ⅱ级、二次手术、急诊手术、手术持续时间延长、手术持续时间>3 h、手术持续时间>4 h、污染切口、手术切口数量>2个、硬脑膜切开、术中输血、术中植入物、脑脊液漏、脑室外引流、留置引流管时间、留置引流管时间>3 d、留置引流管>4 d是颅脑手术患者术后发生手术部位感染的危险因素。
关键词(KeyWords): 神经外科手术;外科伤口感染;危险因素;Meta分析
基金项目(Foundation): 军队护理创新与培育专项计划创新项目(2021HL041);; 2023年空军军医大学第二附属医院护理新技术新业务资助项目(院护[2023]1号)
作者(Author): 梁新慧,张珊,张腊婷,胡梦依,贾瑶,刘芳,姜雪
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